Risk Factors for Tuberculosis

Risk factor list: The list of risk factors mentioned for Tuberculosis in various sources includes:

• Latent TB infection - can become full TB later.
• Aging
• Elderly
• Young children
• HIV
• Diabetes mellitus
• Malnutrition
• Corticosteroid therapy
• Alcoholism
• Exposure to someone with TB
• Certain countries - Latin America, Caribbean, Africa, Asia (except Japan).
• Injection drug use
• Overcrowding
• Homeless shelters
• Migrant farm camps
• Prisons
• Jails
• Some nursing homes
• Airborne droplet transmission
• Coughing
• Sneezing
• Contaminated beef
• Contaminated milk - if the milk is not pasteurized

Risk factors discussion: If you have injected illegal drugs, have been an alcoholic or a health care worker, have been exposed to someone with tuberculosis, have recently moved from Asia, Africa, Central or South America, or the Pacific Islands, or if you have kidney failure or HIV infection¹

You should get tested for TB if

• you have spent time with a person with infectious TB

• you have HIV infection or another condition that puts you at high risk for TB disease

• you think you might have TB disease

• you are from a country where TB disease is very common (most countries in Latin America and the Caribbean, Africa, and Asia, except for Japan)

• you inject drugs

• you live somewhere in the U.S. where TB disease is common (most homeless shelters, migrant farm camps, prisons and jails, and some nursing homes)

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